* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

body, html {
    height: 100%; /* Full height for body and html */
    font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif;
    background-color: #F8F9FA; /* Light Gray */
    color: #333; /* Dark Gray */
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.wrapper {
    min-height: 100vh; /* Minimum height to push footer down */
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column; /* Stack header, main content, and footer */
}

.container {
    width: 90%;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 20px;
    flex: 1; /* Allow the container to grow */
}

header {
    background: #FFFFFF; /* White background */
    color: #333; /* Dark text */
    padding: 20px 0;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between; /* Space between logo and navigation */
    align-items: center; /* Center align items vertically */
    box-shadow: none; /* Remove shadow for a cleaner look */
}

header img {
    margin-right: 20px; /* Space between logo and navigation */
}

nav {
    flex-grow: 1; /* Allow navigation to take available space */
}

nav ul {
    list-style: none;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-end; /* Align items to the right */
    align-items: center; /* Center align vertically */
}

nav ul li {
    margin-left: 20px; /* Space between menu items */
}

nav ul li a {
    color: #333; /* Dark links */
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color 0.3s ease; /* Smooth transition */
}

nav ul li a:hover {
    color: #007bff; /* Change color on hover */
}

/* Main Content Layout */
.main-content {
    display: flex; /* Flexbox for layout */
}

.sidebar {
    width: 250px; /* Fixed width for sidebar */
    background-color: #F1F1F1; /* Light gray for contrast */
    padding: 20px; /* Padding around sidebar content */
}

.sidebar img {
    max-width: 100%; /* Make images responsive */
}

.trending-topics {
    flex: 1; /* Take up remaining space */
    margin: 20px; /* Space around trending topics */
    text-align: center; /* Center align the trending topics */
}

.topic-cards {
    margin: 20px 0;
}

.topic-card {
    background-color: #FFFFFF; /* White background for topic cards */
    border-radius: 8px; /* Rounded corners */
    padding: 20px; /* Padding for content */
    margin: 20px 0; /* Space between topic cards */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); /* Subtle shadow */
}

.topic-card h3 {
    text-align: center; /* Center align the subject titles */
}

.article-box {
    display: flex; /* Use flexbox for article alignment */
    justify-content: space-between; /* Space between articles */
    margin-top: 10px; /* Space between subject title and articles */
}

.article {
    flex: 1; /* Each article takes equal space */
    padding: 10px; /* Padding for articles */
    text-align: left; /* Left align text within articles */
}

.article h4 {
    margin-bottom: 5px;
}

.article h4 a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: #003366; /* Dark Blue for article links */
    font-weight: bold; /* Bold article titles */
}

.article h4 a:hover {
    text-decoration: underline;
}

/* Upvote/Downvote Buttons */
.vote-buttons {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center; /* Center align buttons vertically */
}

.vote-buttons button {
    background: none; /* No background */
    border: none; /* No border */
    color: #007bff; /* Button color */
    cursor: pointer; /* Pointer cursor */
    margin-right: 10px; /* Space between buttons */
    font-size: 16px; /* Font size for buttons */
}

.vote-count {
    margin-left: 5px; /* Space between button and vote count */
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: #FFFFFF; /* Same as header */
    text-align: center; /* Center footer text */
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .article-box {
        flex-direction: column; /* Stack articles on smaller screens */
    }

    .sidebar {
        width: 100%; /* Full width for sidebar on small screens */
    }

    .main-content {
        flex-direction: column; /* Stack sidebar and content */
    }
}

/* Forms */
form {
    max-width: 400px; /* Adjust max width for smaller forms */
    margin: 0 auto; /* Center the form */
    background: #ffffff; /* White background */
    border-radius: 8px; /* Rounded corners */
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); /* Subtle shadow */
    padding: 20px; /* Padding around the form */
}

form input {
    width: 100%; /* Full width */
    padding: 10px; /* Padding for input */
    margin-bottom: 15px; /* Space between inputs */
    border: 1px solid #ccc; /* Light gray border */
    border-radius: 4px; /* Rounded corners */
    font-size: 16px; /* Font size */
}

form button {
    width: 100%; /* Full width */
    padding: 10px; /* Padding for button */
    background-color: #007bff; /* Button background color */
    color: white; /* Button text color */
    border: none; /* No border */
    border-radius: 4px; /* Rounded corners */
    font-size: 16px; /* Font size */
    cursor: pointer; /* Pointer cursor on hover */
    transition: background-color 0.3s ease; /* Smooth transition */
}

form button:hover {
    background-color: #0056b3; /* Darker blue on hover */
}

/* Notifications */
.notification {
    text-align: center;
    margin-top: 20px;
    color: #28a745; /* Green for success messages */
}

.error {
    color: #dc3545; /* Red for error messages */
}

/* Search Form */
.search-form {
    display: flex; /* Flexbox for alignment */
    align-items: center; /* Center items vertically */
}

.search-form input {
    padding: 10px; /* Increased padding for better appearance */
    margin-right: 5px; /* Space between input and button */
    border: 1px solid #ccc; /* Light gray border */
    border-radius: 4px; /* Rounded corners */
    flex-grow: 1; /* Allows the input to take available space */
}

.search-form button {
    padding: 10px; /* Increased padding for better appearance */
}

.centered-title {
    text-align: center;
}

.main-content {
    display: flex; /* Use flexbox for layout */
}

.sidebar {
    width: 250px; /* Fixed width for sidebar */
    margin-right: 20px; /* Space between sidebar and main content */
}

.trending-topics {
    flex: 1; /* Take remaining space */
}

.subject-header {
    cursor: pointer; /* Indicate clickable subject header */
    display: flex; /* Use flexbox for alignment */
    align-items: center; /* Align items vertically */
}

.subject-image {
    width: 100px; /* Fixed size for images */
    height: 100px;
    object-fit: cover;
    margin-right: 20px; /* Space between image and text */
}

.article-container {
    display: flex; /* Flexbox for article columns */
    justify-content: space-between;
}